Published ahead of print on October 6, 2005, doi:10.1164/rccm.200503-372OC
© 2005 American Thoracic Society doi: 10.1164/rccm.200503-372OC
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Prevents Heart Rate Variability Reductions Associated with Particulate MatterInstituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; and Laval University, Lipid Research Center, Quebec City, Canada Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Fernando Holguin, M.D., 1600 Clifton Road, NE, MS E-17, Atlanta GA 30333. E-mail: fch5{at}cdc.gov Context: Environmental exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5) has been associated with changes in heart rate variability (HRV). Objective: To evaluate the effect of supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the reduction of HRV associated with PM2.5 exposure. Design: Randomized double-blind trial. Setting: Mexico City, Mexico. Participants: 50 nursing home residents older than 60 yr. Intervention: Randomization to either 2 g/d of fish oil versus 2 g/d of soy oil as the control, with 6 mo follow-up (1-mo presupplementation and 5-mo supplementation) or repeated HRV measurements. PM2.5 was monitored indoors and outdoors. Main Outcome Measure: The association between HRV and 1 SD change in PM2.5 (8 µg/m3). Results: In the group receiving fish oil, the reduction in HRV–high-frequency log10-transformed associated with a 1-SD change in PM2.5 was –54% (95% confidence interval, –72, –24) in the presupplementation phase, and only –7% (95% confidence interval, –20,+7) in the supplementation phase (p < 0.01 for the effect of supplementation), with changes in other HRV parameters also being significantly less pronounced during supplementation. Small decreases in PM2.5-associated reductions in HRV parameters also occurred in the group receiving soy oil, but these were not significant. Fish oil supplementation was significantly better in preventing the reduction in percentage of successive normal RR intervals differing by more than 50 ms (p = 0.03) and the root square of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent intervals (p = 0.05) than soy oil supplementation. Interpretation: Supplementation with 2 g/d of fish oil prevented HRV decline related to PM2.5 exposure in the study population.
Key Words: elderly • heart rate variability • Mexico • omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids • PM2.5 This article has been cited by other articles:
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