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Published ahead of print on November 19, 2004, doi:10.1164/rccm.200409-1286OC
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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol 171. pp. 563-570, (2005)
© 2005 American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1164/rccm.200409-1286OC


Original Article

Pharmacogenetic Differences in Response to Albuterol between Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with Asthma

Shweta Choudhry, Ngim Ung, Pedro C. Avila, Elad Ziv, Sylvette Nazario, Jesus Casal, Alfonso Torres, Jennifer D. Gorman, Keyan Salari, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Monica Toscano, Jody Senter Sylvia, MariaElena Alioto, Richard A. Castro, Michael Salazar, Ivan Gomez, Joanne K. Fagan, Jorge Salas, Suzanne Clark, Craig Lilly, Henry Matallana, Moises Selman, Rocio Chapela, Dean Sheppard, Scott T. Weiss, Jean G. Ford, Homer A. Boushey, Jeffrey M. Drazen, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Edwin K. Silverman and Esteban González Burchard on behalf of the Genetics of Asthma in Latino Americans (GALA) Study

University of California, San Francisco; Lung Biology Center, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; San Juan Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine; Pediatric Pulmonary Program of San Juan, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; The Harlem Lung Center, Harlem Hospital and Columbia University, New York, New York; and Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to: Esteban González Burchard, M.D., University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0833. E-mail: eburch{at}itsa.ucsf.edu

Background: In the United States, Puerto Ricans and Mexicans have the highest and lowest asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, respectively. Ethnic-specific differences in the response to drug treatment may contribute to differences in disease outcomes. Genetic variants at the ß2-adrenergic receptor (ß2AR) may modify asthma severity and albuterol responsiveness. We tested the association of ß2AR genotypes with asthma severity and bronchodilator response to albuterol in Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with asthma. Methods: We used both family-based and cross-sectional tests of association with 8 ß2AR single nucleotide polymorphisms in 684 Puerto Rican and Mexican families. Regression analyses were used to determine the interaction between genotype, asthma severity, and bronchodilator drug responsiveness. Results: Among Puerto Ricans with asthma, the arginine (Arg) 16 allele was associated with greater bronchodilator response using both family-based and cross-sectional tests (p = 0.00001–0.01). We found a strong interaction of baseline FEV1 with the Arg16Glycine (Gly) polymorphism in predicting bronchodilator response. Among Puerto Ricans with asthma with baseline FEV1 < 80% of predicted, but not in those with FEV1 > 80%, there was a very strong association between the Arg16 genotype and greater bronchodilator responsiveness. No association was observed between Arg16Gly genotypes and drug responsiveness among Mexicans with asthma. Conclusions: Ethnic-specific pharmacogenetic differences exist between Arg16Gly genotypes, asthma severity, and bronchodilator response in Puerto Ricans and Mexicans with asthma. These findings underscore the need for additional research on racial/ethnic differences in asthma morbidity and drug responsiveness.

Key Words: asthma genetics • ß2-adrenergic receptor gene • Latinos • pharmacogenetic




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