help button home button
AJRCCM
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by WENZEL, S. E.
Right arrow Articles by MARTIN, R. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by WENZEL, S. E.
Right arrow Articles by MARTIN, R. J.

Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 156, Number 3, September 1997, 737-743

Bronchoscopic Evaluation of Severe Asthma
Persistent Inflammation Associated with High Dose Glucocorticoids

SALLY E. WENZEL, STANLEY J. SZEFLER, DONALD Y. M. LEUNG, STEVEN I. SLOAN, MICHAEL D. REX, and RICHARD J. MARTIN

Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado

The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of severe asthma chronically treated with high doses of glucocorticoids is poorly understood. Despite this, treatment has been aimed at advancing anti- inflammatory and immunomodulator therapy. This study was designed to evaluate both the presence and type of airway inflammation in patients with severe asthma. A prospective bronchoscopic study evaluated 14 severe, high-dose oral glucocorticoid dependent asthmatics. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed for cytology and inflammatory mediators. Endobronchial and transbronchial biopsies were performed in selected patients for morphometric evaluation of macrophage/monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes. These results were compared with lavage and endo- and transbronchial biopsy studies in normal controls and patients with moderate asthma. The concentration of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was highest in the moderate asthmatics not on glucocorticoids, with very little difference between normal controls and severe asthmatics (significant difference among the groups, p = 0.007). In contrast, the severe asthmatics demonstrated a twofold higher concentration of neutrophils in lavage than either the mild-moderate asthmatics, or the normal controls (p = 0.032 among the groups, p < 0.05 between the severe asthmatics and both controls). Similar results were obtained in the endobronchial and transbronchial biopsy specimens, which consistently showed significantly higher numbers of neutrophils in the severe asthmatics than in the control groups. The eicosanoid mediators, thromboxane and leukotriene B4, were also highest in the severe asthma group (differences among the groups, p = 0.019 and p = 0.023, respectively). These findings suggest that inflammation remains in severe symptomatic asthmatics despite treatment with high dose glucocorticoids which may be due to the severity of disease, glucocorticoid treatment, or other as yet undefined factors.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
J. D. Campbell, L. Borish, T. Haselkorn, L. Rasouliyan, J. H. Lee, S. E. Wenzel, S. D. Sullivan, and on behalf of the TENOR Study Group
The response to combination therapy treatment regimens in severe/difficult-to-treat asthma
Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2008; 32(5): 1237 - 1242.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
P-R. Burgel and J. A. Nadel
Epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated innate immune responses and their roles in airway diseases
Eur. Respir. J., October 1, 2008; 32(4): 1068 - 1081.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
A. Planaguma, S. Kazani, G. Marigowda, O. Haworth, T. J. Mariani, E. Israel, E. R. Bleecker, D. Curran-Everett, S. C. Erzurum, W. J. Calhoun, et al.
Airway Lipoxin A4 Generation and Lipoxin A4 Receptor Expression Are Decreased in Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2008; 178(6): 574 - 582.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
M. C. Liu, R. J. Riese, K. Van Gundy, P. Norwood, B. E. Sullivan, P. F. Schwartz, and J. G. Teeter
Effects of inhaled human insulin on airway lining fluid composition in adults with diabetes
Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2008; 32(1): 180 - 188.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
M. Uddin, G. Seumois, L. C. Lau, P. Rytila, D. E. Davies, and R. Djukanovic
Enhancement of neutrophil function by the bronchial epithelium stimulated by epidermal growth factor
Eur. Respir. J., April 1, 2008; 31(4): 714 - 724.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Postgrad. Med. J.Home page
R C Reddy
Severe asthma: approach and management
Postgrad. Med. J., March 1, 2008; 84(989): 115 - 120.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
R. L. Sorkness, E. R. Bleecker, W. W. Busse, W. J. Calhoun, M. Castro, K. F. Chung, D. Curran-Everett, S. C. Erzurum, B. M. Gaston, E. Israel, et al.
Lung function in adults with stable but severe asthma: air trapping and incomplete reversal of obstruction with bronchodilation
J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2008; 104(2): 394 - 403.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
J. Shannon, P. Ernst, Y. Yamauchi, R. Olivenstein, C. Lemiere, S. Foley, L. Cicora, M. Ludwig, Q. Hamid, and J. G. Martin
Differences in Airway Cytokine Profile in Severe Asthma Compared to Moderate Asthma
Chest, February 1, 2008; 133(2): 420 - 426.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
G. Turato, S. Baraldo, R. Zuin, and M. Saetta
The laws of attraction: chemokines, neutrophils and eosinophils in severe exacerbations of asthma
Thorax, June 1, 2007; 62(6): 465 - 466.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
Y. Qiu, J. Zhu, V. Bandi, K. K Guntupalli, and P. K Jeffery
Bronchial mucosal inflammation and upregulation of CXC chemoattractants and receptors in severe exacerbations of asthma
Thorax, June 1, 2007; 62(6): 475 - 482.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
H. Huang, A. Lavoie-Lamoureux, K. Moran, and J.-P. Lavoie
IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): L1147 - L1154.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
S. Nakae, H. Suto, G. J. Berry, and S. J. Galli
Mast cell-derived TNF can promote Th17 cell-dependent neutrophil recruitment in ovalbumin-challenged OTII mice
Blood, May 1, 2007; 109(9): 3640 - 3648.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
B. D. Levy, P. Kohli, K. Gotlinger, O. Haworth, S. Hong, S. Kazani, E. Israel, K. J. Haley, and C. N. Serhan
Protectin D1 Is Generated in Asthma and Dampens Airway Inflammation and Hyperresponsiveness
J. Immunol., January 1, 2007; 178(1): 496 - 502.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
M. Kraft, C. B. Cairns, M. C. Ellison, J. Pak, C. Irvin, and S. Wenzel
Improvements in Distal Lung Function Correlate With Asthma Symptoms After Treatment With Oral Montelukast
Chest, December 1, 2006; 130(6): 1726 - 1732.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
C. Thompson, A. Cloutier, Y. Bosse, M. Thivierge, C. L. Gouill, P. Larivee, P. P. McDonald, J. Stankova, and M. Rola-Pleszczynski
CysLT1 Receptor Engagement Induces Activator Protein-1- and NF-{kappa}B-Dependent IL-8 Expression
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., December 1, 2006; 35(6): 697 - 704.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
I. M. Balfour-Lynn, B. Lees, P. Hall, G. Phillips, M. Khan, M. Flather, J. S. Elborn, and on behalf of the CF WISE (Withdrawal of Inhaled St
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Withdrawal of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Cystic Fibrosis
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 15, 2006; 173(12): 1356 - 1362.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
I. Kikuchi, S. Kikuchi, T. Kobayashi, K. Hagiwara, Y. Sakamoto, M. Kanazawa, and M. Nagata
Eosinophil Trans-Basement Membrane Migration Induced by Interleukin-8 and Neutrophils
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2006; 34(6): 760 - 765.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
C. Kotaru, K. J. Schoonover, J. B. Trudeau, M.-L. Huynh, X. Zhou, H. Hu, and S. E. Wenzel
Regional Fibroblast Heterogeneity in the Lung: Implications for Remodeling
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2006; 173(11): 1208 - 1215.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
T. Lancas, D. I. Kasahara, C. M. Prado, I. F. L. C. Tiberio, M. A. Martins, and M. Dolhnikoff
Comparison of early and late responses to antigen of sensitized guinea pig parenchymal lung strips
J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2006; 100(5): 1610 - 1616.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
R O'Donnell, D Breen, S Wilson, and R Djukanovic
Inflammatory cells in the airways in COPD
Thorax, May 1, 2006; 61(5): 448 - 454.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
C. Bergeron and L.-P. Boulet
Structural changes in airway diseases: characteristics, mechanisms, consequences, and pharmacologic modulation.
Chest, April 1, 2006; 129(4): 1068 - 1087.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
S. J. Park, M. T. Wiekowski, S. A. Lira, and B. Mehrad
Neutrophils Regulate Airway Responses in a Model of Fungal Allergic Airways Disease
J. Immunol., February 15, 2006; 176(4): 2538 - 2545.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
B. D. Medoff, A. M. Tager, R. Jackobek, T. K. Means, L. Wang, and A. D. Luster
Antibody-antigen interaction in the airway drives early granulocyte recruitment through BLT1
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2006; 290(1): L170 - L178.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
M.-L. N. Huynh, K. C. Malcolm, C. Kotaru, J. A. Tilstra, J. Y. Westcott, V. A. Fadok, and S. E. Wenzel
Defective Apoptotic Cell Phagocytosis Attenuates Prostaglandin E2 and 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in Severe Asthma Alveolar Macrophages
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2005; 172(8): 972 - 979.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
K. Maneechotesuwan, S. Essilfie-Quaye, S. Meah, C. Kelly, S. A. Kharitonov, I. M. Adcock, and P. J. Barnes
Formoterol Attenuates Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation in Asthma
Chest, October 1, 2005; 128(4): 1936 - 1942.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
W. A. Biernacki, S. A. Kharitonov, H. M. Biernacka, and P. J. Barnes
Effect of Montelukast on Exhaled Leukotrienes and Quality of Life in Asthmatic Patients
Chest, October 1, 2005; 128(4): 1958 - 1963.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
B. D. Levy, C. Bonnans, E. S. Silverman, L. J. Palmer, G. Marigowda, E. Israel, and for the Severe Asthma Research Program, National H
Diminished Lipoxin Biosynthesis in Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2005; 172(7): 824 - 830.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
S. Wenzel
Severe Asthma in Adults
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2005; 172(2): 149 - 160.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
A V Kamath, I D Pavord, P R Ruparelia, and E R Chilvers
Is the neutrophil the key effector cell in severe asthma?
Thorax, July 1, 2005; 60(7): 529 - 530.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
F. W.S. Ko, C. Diba, M. Roth, K. McKay, P. R.A. Johnson, C. Salome, and G. G. King
A Comparison of Airway and Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activity Among Normal Subjects, Asthmatic Patients, and Patients With Asthmatic Mucus Hypersecretion
Chest, June 1, 2005; 127(6): 1919 - 1927.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
J. W. Hollingsworth, B. J. Chen, D. M. Brass, K. Berman, M. D. Gunn, D. N. Cook, and D. A. Schwartz
The Critical Role of Hematopoietic Cells in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Airway Inflammation
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2005; 171(8): 806 - 813.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
D. G. Xisto, L. L. Farias, H. C. Ferreira, M. R. Picanco, D. Amitrano, J. R. Lapa e Silva, E. M. Negri, T. Mauad, D. Carnielli, L. F. F. Silva, et al.
Lung Parenchyma Remodeling in a Murine Model of Chronic Allergic Inflammation
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2005; 171(8): 829 - 837.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 QJMHome page
G.P. Currie, P. Srivastava, O.J. Dempsey, and D.K.C. Lee
Therapeutic modulation of allergic airways disease with leukotriene receptor antagonists
QJM, March 1, 2005; 98(3): 171 - 182.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
S. Balzar, H. W. Chu, M. Strand, and S. Wenzel
Relationship of Small Airway Chymase-Positive Mast Cells and Lung Function in Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 1, 2005; 171(5): 431 - 439.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
D. N. R. Payne and A. Bush
"Refractory" Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., December 15, 2004; 170(12): 1385 - 1385.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
P. K. Jeffery
Remodeling and Inflammation of Bronchi in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2004; 1(3): 176 - 183.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc Am Thorac SocHome page
M. G. Belvisi
Regulation of Inflammatory Cell Function by Corticosteroids
Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2004; 1(3): 207 - 214.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
A. ten Brinke, A. H. Zwinderman, P. J. Sterk, K. F. Rabe, and E. H. Bel
"Refractory" Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Severe Asthma: Effect of Parenteral Corticosteroids
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2004; 170(6): 601 - 605.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
B. K. Rubin
What Does It Mean When a Patient Says, "My Asthma Medication Is Not Working?"
Chest, September 1, 2004; 126(3): 972 - 981.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
C. R. Morris, M. Poljakovic, L. Lavrisha, L. Machado, F. A. Kuypers, and S. M. Morris Jr.
Decreased Arginine Bioavailability and Increased Serum Arginase Activity in Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2004; 170(2): 148 - 153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
D. Bumbacea, D. Campbell, L. Nguyen, D. Carr, P.J. Barnes, D. Robinson, and K.F. Chung
Parameters associated with persistent airflow obstruction in chronic severe asthma
Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2004; 24(1): 122 - 128.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
F. L. M. Ricciardolo, A. Di Stefano, N. C. Thomson, R. Chaudhuri, and E. Livingston
Corticosteroid Resistance in Smokers with Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2004; 169(11): 1252 - 1253.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
C. Taube, J. A. Nick, B. Siegmund, C. Duez, K. Takeda, Y.-H. Rha, J.-W. Park, A. Joetham, K. Poch, A. Dakhama, et al.
Inhibition of Early Airway Neutrophilia Does Not Affect Development of Airway Hyperresponsiveness
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2004; 30(6): 837 - 843.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
R. Gagliardo, P. Chanez, M. Mathieu, A. Bruno, G. Costanzo, C. Gougat, I. Vachier, J. Bousquet, G. Bonsignore, and A. M. Vignola
Persistent Activation of Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Signaling Pathway in Severe Uncontrolled Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2003; 168(10): 1190 - 1198.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
S. Tanaka, H. Tanaka, and S. Abe
High Dose of Inhaled Fluticasone Reduces High Levels of Urinary Leukotriene E4 in the Early Morning in Mild and Moderate Nocturnal Asthma
Chest, November 1, 2003; 124(5): 1768 - 1773.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
Y. Qiu, J. Zhu, V. Bandi, R. L. Atmar, K. Hattotuwa, K. K. Guntupalli, and P. K. Jeffery
Biopsy Neutrophilia, Neutrophil Chemokine and Receptor Gene Expression in Severe Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2003; 168(8): 968 - 975.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
E. R. McFadden Jr.
Acute Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2003; 168(7): 740 - 759.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
P. Jeffery, S. Holgate, and S. Wenzel
Methods for the Assessment of Endobronchial Biopsies in Clinical Research: Application to Studies of Pathogenesis and the Effects of Treatment
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2003; 168(6): S1 - 17.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
S.E. Wenzel
A different disease, many diseases or mild asthma gone bad? Challenges of severe asthma
Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2003; 22(3): 397 - 398.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
The ENFUMOSA Study Group
The ENFUMOSA cross-sectional European multicentre study of the clinical phenotype of chronic severe asthma
Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2003; 22(3): 470 - 477.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
J. Gabrijelcic, A. Acuna, M. Profita, A. Paterno, K.F. Chung, A.M. Vignola, and R. Rodriguez-Roisin
Neutrophil airway influx by platelet-activating factor in asthma: role of adhesion molecules and LTB4 expression
Eur. Respir. J., August 1, 2003; 22(2): 290 - 297.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
S. L. Tilley, M. Tsai, C. M. Williams, Z.-S. Wang, C. J. Erikson, S. J. Galli, and B. H. Koller
Identification of A3 Receptor- and Mast Cell-Dependent and -Independent Components of Adenosine-Mediated Airway Responsiveness in Mice
J. Immunol., July 1, 2003; 171(1): 331 - 337.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
C.-H. Woo, M.-H. Yoo, H.-J. You, S.-H. Cho, Y.-C. Mun, C.-M. Seong, and J.-H. Kim
Transepithelial Migration of Neutrophils in Response to Leukotriene B4 Is Mediated by a Reactive Oxygen Species-Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Linked Cascade
J. Immunol., June 15, 2003; 170(12): 6273 - 6279.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
C. Bonnans, P. Chanez, H. Meziane, P. Godard, J. Bousquet, and I. Vachier
Glucocorticoid receptor-binding characteristics in severe asthma
Eur. Respir. J., June 1, 2003; 21(6): 985 - 988.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
D.W. Reid, C. Ward, N. Wang, L. Zheng, R. Bish, B. Orsida, and E.H. Walters
Possible anti-inflammatory effect of salmeterol against interleukin-8 and neutrophil activation in asthma in vivo
Eur. Respir. J., June 1, 2003; 21(6): 994 - 999.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
S. La Grutta, R. Gagliardo, F. Mirabella, G. B. Pajno, G. Bonsignore, J. Bousquet, V. Bellia, and A. M. Vignola
Clinical and Biological Heterogeneity in Children with Moderate Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2003; 167(11): 1490 - 1495.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
L. Benayoun, A. Druilhe, M.-C. Dombret, M. Aubier, and M. Pretolani
Airway Structural Alterations Selectively Associated with Severe Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2003; 167(10): 1360 - 1368.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
G. P. Currie, D. K. C. Lee, K. Haggart, C. E. Bates, and B. J. Lipworth
Effects of Montelukast on Surrogate Inflammatory Markers in Corticosteroid-treated Patients with Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2003; 167(9): 1232 - 1238.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
C. Taube, A. Dakhama, Y.-H. Rha, K. Takeda, A. Joetham, J.-W. Park, A. Balhorn, T. Takai, K. R. Poch, J. A. Nick, et al.
Transient Neutrophil Infiltration After Allergen Challenge Is Dependent on Specific Antibodies and Fc{gamma}III Receptors
J. Immunol., April 15, 2003; 170(8): 4301 - 4309.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
M. K. Tulic and Q. Hamid
Contribution of the Distal Lung to the Pathologic and Physiologic Changes in Asthma: Potential Therapeutic Target Roger S. Mitchell Lecture
Chest, March 1, 2003; 123(2007): 348S - 355S.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
C. Taube, A. Dakhama, K. Takeda, J. A. Nick, and E. W. Gelfand
Allergen-Specific Early Neutrophil Infiltration After Allergen Challenge in a Murine Model
Chest, March 1, 2003; 123(2007): 410S - 411S.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
K. Chmura, R. D. Lutz, H. Chiba, M. S. Numata, H.-J. Choi, G. Fantuzzi, D. R. Voelker, and E. D. Chan
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Antigens Stimulate Interleukin-8
Chest, March 1, 2003; 123(2007): 425S - 425S.
[Full Text] [PDF]